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寫(xiě)作中間段常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題最佳解決方法
托福寫(xiě)作輔導(dǎo)：獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作中間段常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題最佳解決方法
1.Q：一定需要三大段論點(diǎn)理由展開(kāi)來(lái)證明開(kāi)頭觀點(diǎn)嗎?
A：No. 中間段可以有一個(gè)論點(diǎn)展開(kāi),也可以拿到滿分. 同學(xué)們可以參看ETS的第三版 p202頁(yè)的官方范文5分和4分范文賞析. 但是, 如果有兩個(gè)至三個(gè)理由來(lái)證明開(kāi)頭觀點(diǎn)更好, 所以平時(shí)同學(xué)們要多練習(xí)Brainstorming快速找理由寫(xiě)提綱.
2.Q: 獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作中間段的結(jié)構(gòu)是什么?
A: 論點(diǎn)Main pointSentence+論據(jù)Details. 盡量不要突兀地寫(xiě)forexample, 需要指明例子之前的論點(diǎn)句. 其中論點(diǎn)句指的是證明開(kāi)頭段中觀點(diǎn)的理由, 論據(jù)則是該理由的細(xì)節(jié)展示.
比如:
論點(diǎn)Main point Sentence: Anotheradvantage of living with an American family is that the students are in anideal environment to improve his English.
論據(jù)Details: For example,each time he has a conversation with someone in the family, thisnative speaker can help him with the pronunciation and grammar. Maybe theyounger children in the family can help him with his homework, too. But themost important thing is that he will be surrounded by English most of timeduring his stay in the United States.
3.Q: 怎么展開(kāi)一個(gè)中間段落才能做到評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)5分要求呢?
A: 其實(shí)有很多方法將論點(diǎn)展開(kāi)Details, 比如: 我強(qiáng)化班會(huì)重點(diǎn)介紹的幾種: Specific personal example 少而精的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷; General example 多而簡(jiǎn)的寬泛例子羅列; compare& contrast對(duì)比反差; Study &Survey 調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù); Famous people權(quán)威名人; Quotation名言諺語(yǔ)等.
4.Q: 獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作中間段的論據(jù)如果想寫(xiě)個(gè)人經(jīng)歷, 應(yīng)該怎樣寫(xiě)才算高分?
A: 注意個(gè)人經(jīng)歷內(nèi)容寫(xiě)到精確具體, 語(yǔ)言做到準(zhǔn)確地道形象. 比如:
論點(diǎn): English does not seem to be spoken by Americansin the same way that it was presented in my textbooks.
個(gè)人經(jīng)歷: Take myself for example, the first time I asked anAmerican a question, I got a strange response. The man who answered my questionsaid something sounded like “dunno”. I was sure that I had never studiedthis expression in my textbooks, and I could not find anything like this indictionary. Eventually, I was surprised to learn later from a friend that this wasnothing more than a shorten version of “I do not know”.
5.Q:以上是不是每種方法都要在獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作中間段用上?
A: 這幾種方法都是平行關(guān)系, 可以挑選一種方法即可展開(kāi)一個(gè)論點(diǎn)句. 當(dāng)然, 也可以挑選其中兩三種方法使得一個(gè)段落展開(kāi)地非常細(xì)致.
6.Q: 獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作是不是中間段字?jǐn)?shù)越多越好?
A: 展開(kāi)的Details的語(yǔ)言部分非常重要, 比如由電腦自動(dòng)評(píng)分E-rater主要評(píng)判Grammar, Usage, Style, Mechanics, Lexical complexity等方面.
7.Q: 獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作的中間段是不是一定需要 ”辨證式/反證式/讓步式” 寫(xiě)法?
A: 有這種辯證式思路文章會(huì)寫(xiě)得更全面, 但是這不是必要的. 因?yàn)镋TS的官方指南和評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)告訴大家: 托福寫(xiě)作考的并不是該同學(xué)對(duì)一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)分析有多么深刻, 主要是語(yǔ)言的表達(dá)和內(nèi)容的清晰. 但是學(xué)會(huì)讓步式寫(xiě)法在托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作中也很有好處, 特別是當(dāng)展開(kāi)論點(diǎn)理由不夠時(shí).
比如:[2010.09.12]
Doyou agree or disagree with the following statement?
Peopleshould not pay for the public transportation.
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