英語專業(yè)考研語言學試題集錦

　語言學的資料很少，看完書后想找些習題或往年試題做做，可以起到練兵，鞏固所看書本知識的作用。我收集了一些高校語言學的往年試題供大家參考，討論，交流一下做題的感受，也希望大家可以把自己所考學校的往年試題發(fā)表在上面，給大家一起討論。

　　1 One of the main features of our human language is arbitrariness .Can you briefly explain what is this feature refers to ? Give examples if necessary(10 points). <北師大2003年試題）

　　2 In english we can describe a story as "a successful story" or "a success story ".Do you think they mean the same ? Please explain and give your reasons(10 points) ,<同上》

　　3 Expain the following terms ,giving examples where necessary.(50 points) <中山2003》 design feature macrolinguistics vowel minimal pair folk etymology aspect　　anopho r error analysisr metaphor

　　4 Language can change through blending ,metanalysis ,back-formation, analogical creation and borrowing.Give two english words for each of them (5 points) 清華2000年試題

　　5 Answer the following question briefly.clearly,grammatically and correctly.(10 Points ) 湖南師大2003年

　　What is it wrong to assume that the meaning of a sentence is the sum of the meaning of the words which compose it ?

　　7 Define the following terms.(10 points) 中國海洋大學1999

　　Phoneme ,consonant,morpheme,lexicon,syntax,endocentric construction,semantics,hyponymy ,language ,design feature

　　8 Define the following terms .(20 points) 蘇州大學1997 allophone morpheme assimilation internal authority interlanguage phatic communion

　　closed-class word government semantica triangic lingua franca

　　What is the main grammatical difference between a sentence and a clause ? 同上

　　6 Translate into chinese and exemplify each of the following.(10 points )

　　Example : dialectal synonyms

　　Answer , 方言同義詞， Fall and autumn are dialectal synonyms .

　　homography　　homophony　　gradable opposites endocentric constuction

　　exocentric construction

　　9 大連外國語學院1992年語言學全部試題 100 POINTS

　　List the six important characteristics of human language .

　　What are the types of morphemes ?

　　Illustrate the deep and surface structures .

　　What do u know about the semantic features ?

　　How does language change ?

　　10 Words in our mental lexicon are known to be related to one another .Discuss the relationships between words ,using examples from the english language .(15 points ) 北外2003年試題

　　11 What do you think are the similarities and dissimilarities between learning a first and a second language? ( 30 points) 同上

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