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新編高中語法同步訓(xùn)練（6）
今天我們就來看 看關(guān)于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的一些歷年高考題。
1.-Have you moved into the new house yet??
-Not yet.The rooms _____ (NMET 1991)?
A.are being painted
B.are painting?
C.are painted
D.are being painting?
解析:答案為A。通過對(duì)本句的理解, 我們可以看出, 沒有搬進(jìn)新居的原因是房子還在粉刷。房子是粉刷的對(duì)象, 是動(dòng)作的承受者, 所以需用被動(dòng)語態(tài).正在進(jìn)行粉刷, 所以應(yīng)用進(jìn)行時(shí).現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)為be+being+p.p, 故答案為A?
2. Little Jim would love _____ to the theatre this evening.(NMET 1992)?
A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking?
解析:答案為A。從Little Jim可以看出 Jim 是小孩, 是被帶去劇院的, 所以動(dòng)詞不定式要用被動(dòng)式,故答案為A.?
比較: Do you have anything to be taken to the city??
I have something to write?
3. I need one more stamp before my collection _____ (NMET 1994)?
A.has completed
B.completes?
C.has been completed
D.is completed?
解析: 答案為D。先排除A,B兩項(xiàng), 因?yàn)槲从帽粍?dòng)語態(tài);C項(xiàng)與before相矛盾,故應(yīng)選D。?
4.- _____ the sports meeting might be put off.?
-Yes, it all depends on the weather.(NMET 1995)?
A.I’ve been told
B.I’ve told ?
C.I’m told
D.I told?
解析: 答案為A。本題主要考查動(dòng)詞tell用于主動(dòng)語態(tài)和用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)的區(qū)別, 用于主動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí), 一般不用 I’ve told that...或 I told that...等句型,語感不合; C項(xiàng)的時(shí)態(tài)與對(duì)話的前一部分不符,盡管被推遲這件事發(fā)生在過去,但強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,故應(yīng)選A?
5. Hundreds of jobs _____ if the factory closes.(NMET 2001)?
A.lose B.will be lost C.are lost D.will lose ?
解析:答案為B。工廠倒閉因而大量的工作被失去,先將A,D兩項(xiàng)排除;而在if條件狀語從句中,謂語動(dòng)詞如用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),那么主句的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí),所以選擇 B項(xiàng)?
6. Visitors _____ not to touch the exihibits.(NMET 2001)?
A.will request B.request ? C.are requesting D.are requested ?
解析: 答案為D。req uest為及物動(dòng)詞, 但此處 request后沒有賓語, 因而可以推斷 visitor是 request的承受者,故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài).所以選擇D項(xiàng)。?
7. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _____ weather they will enjoy it.(NMET 2002)?
A.to see B.to be seen ?C.seeing D.seen ?
解析: 答案為B。第二并列分句中的it, 作形式主語,而真正的主語是 whether they will enjoy it;remain在此為“仍然要”, 后接動(dòng)詞不定式,而“他們是否會(huì)喜歡”要“被看”,表明see在此應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài),故選B。?
8. Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge ? It will _____ fresh for several days.(NMET 2003 )?
A.be stayed B.stay ?C.be staying D.have stayed ?
解析: 答案為B。在這個(gè)句子中stay是保持的意思,屬系動(dòng)詞, 不可用被動(dòng)語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí),先排除A,C兩項(xiàng).然后可排除D項(xiàng),因?yàn)閣ill have stayed是強(qiáng)調(diào)肉放入冰箱之后的結(jié)果的;從上文來看,這肉還未放入冰箱之中,談何結(jié)果? 故應(yīng)選B.全句相當(dāng)于If you put the meat in the fridge, it will stay fresh for several days?
9. An army spokesman stressed that all the sodiers had been ordered _____ clear warnings before firing any shots.(上海高考 2003)?
A.to issue B.being issued?C.to have issued D.to be issued ?
解析: 答案為A。本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞在復(fù)合賓語中的用法,此題解題關(guān)鍵是用還原法把文中的被動(dòng)語態(tài)還原成主動(dòng)語態(tài),即為order sb.to do sth.而 C,D 兩項(xiàng)雖為不定式,但時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)均不合;A表示士兵應(yīng)在開槍前發(fā)出,故只能選 A。?
10. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _____ road conditions need _____.?
A.that; to be improved
B.which; to be involved
C.where; inproving
D.when; inproving?
解析：答案為A。此題看似兩個(gè)空白，實(shí)際上只考查前面一個(gè)，因?yàn)閚eed doing= need to be done解此題的關(guān)鍵是判斷出后面這個(gè)從句是同位語從句，從句中主謂賓齊全，意義完整，只缺一個(gè)連接詞，故排除 B、C、D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)，選A.that在同位語從句中只起連接作用，沒有意義，也不作句子成分。 ?
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